For decades, debates have raged over whether parents or peers exert a greater influence on children’s development. Judith Rich Harris reignited this discussion in 1998 with her book *The Nurture Assumption*, challenging the long-held belief that parental nurturing is the primary driver of child development.
Harris argued that parents and peers both play significant roles in shaping a child’s behavior, emotions, and social skills. Her work has sparked ongoing discussions about the balance between nature and nurture in child development.
研究表明，父母在孩子的情感发展中扮演着关键角色。他们通过言语、动作和态度，直接影响孩子的情绪状态。此外，父母的教导也会塑造孩子对世界的认知和价值观。
另一方面，同伴对孩子的成长也有深远的影响。孩子们从朋友身上学习行为模式、社交技巧以及如何处理冲突，这些经验直接影响他们未来的生活质量。
Harris的研究指出，父母和同伴在孩子的发展中形成了一种互动关系。父母提供情感支持，而同伴帮助孩子建立自我认知和社会技能。这两者相辅相成，共同塑造孩子的成长轨迹。